The British Renaissance Produced Many Types of Literature Essay

The British Renaissance Produced Many Types of Literature and Was Influenced By Shakespeare, Marlow, and Spenser The British Renaissance produced many types of literature for the world to see. Shakespeare, Spenser, and Marlowe all contributed to the shaping of the time period. Christopher Marlowe's "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love" portrays one of the typical love poems that can be seen from the Renaissance. A man is in search of the love of another girl, or woman. Sir Walter Raleigh wrote a poem in response to this passage of Marlowe's entitled "The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd." Although the name of the girl is not stated anywhere in the former poem, Raleigh decided to use a wood nymph as his subject. The Shepherd seems to be a meaningful man. His plead for the nymph's love seems true, but is hollow. The Nymph's reply frankly points this out to the Shepherd in her reply and jokingly refuses him her love. The themes of age, weather and the seasons, and materialism all appear in the two poems. Though, both authors use them differently to show how love should be attained. Love should be attained by use of the heart. This theory is the premise of Christopher Marlowe's "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love." The Shepherd in his poem offers the world to his Love and everything with it. He is an old man and hopes to win the girl's heart. Notice the word ‘hopes.' If these delights thy mind may move, Then live with me and be my love. And so the...

ECON 4131, International Finance, Spring 2002, Exam 1 :: UMN Minnesota Business Economics Finance

Midterm Exam International Finance April 8, 2002 Answer all questions in examination booklets 1. (10 points) Use the BOP accounts guide on the last page of this exam to indicate where each of the following transactions should be recorded in the U.S. balance of payments (e.g.: â€Å"i3†, â€Å"e2†, etc.). Bear in mind that each transaction should generate a capital account and a current account entry. a) The U.S. buys $1m. of lumber from Canada b) Japan buys $500K of fish from an Alaskan fishing outfit c) The U.S. contracts a Panamanian flagged vessel for shipping on the Mississippi d) Mexican migrant workers wire $2m. home for Cinco de Mayo celebrations e) A Panamanian flagged ship purchases a $100K insurance contract from a U.S. firm 2. (10 points) The nation of Pecunia had a current account deficit of $2 billion and a nonreserve capital account surplus of $900 million in 1998. a) What was the â€Å"balance of payments† of Pecunia that year? What happened to the country’s net foreign assets? b) Assume that the foreign central banks neither buy nor sell Pecunian assets. How did the Pecunian central bank’s foreign reserves change in 1998? How would this official intervention show up in the balance of payments accounts of Pecunia? c) How would your answer to (b) change if you learned that foreign central banks had purchased $1.2 billion of Pecunian assets in 1998? How would these official purchases enter the foreign balance of payments accounts? 3. (15 points) Derive (show your work) the following, and provide a brief explanation: a) Uncovered interest rate parity b) Covered interest rate parity 4. (10 points) Define â€Å"neutrality of money† and discuss why money is thought to be â€Å"neutral† in the long-run. 5. (10) Define â€Å"Purchasing Power Parity† and discuss the reasons why it might or might not hold. 6. (15 points) In our formal model of exchange rate determination under â€Å"sticky prices† a) What do the two curves represent?

Slavery :: Slavery Essays

Thesis: Slaves managed to be the main beneficiaries of a movement so entirely unintended for them because, in a series of coincidences brought about by certain effects of Northern progress and improvement, the promotion of their interests became profitable to to the concerns of other classes. Counter-argument: some might argue that slaves could not have been the primary beneficiaries of the progress and improvement taking place in the North in 19th century america b/c there were very few slaves in the north; they were primarily concentrated in the south which was little affected by these changes and with slaves being so remote from the situation, how could they have benefited from it? --while the south obviously did not experience the level of transformation that the north and midwestern regions underwent, it did not go untouched by this era of change--it apparently made southerners even more sealed in their determination to "preserve their way of life based on slavery,"as evidenced by their attempt to secede from the Union. Merely the fact that they reacted so strongly to the changes they perceived in the North indicates the force of the effect that progress had on them. --the very fact that there were few slaves in the north and so many in the south only contributed to the progress-fueled growing distinction between the North and South, the former of whom could not understand--likely because there were so few slaves in the North--the "semifeudal economic and social system" to which the South was "hopelessly attached" due to their dependence on slavery (p. 5, Sheriff). Point: Wage laborers necessary to the realization of improvements in the 19th century began to be perceived as a morally inferior permanent underclass--this elicited fears & changes in opinion involving progress--some (i.e. Bethel society) began to think that one man's (the businessman's) profit came at another's (the worker's) expense--brought about increasing desire for moral reform--leading to 2nd Great Awakening--which in turn led to popularity of abolitionist sentiment. Point: Decreasing reliance on slavery as a necessity to the maintenance of a stable economy, coupled with the still-strong Revolutionary ideals of liberty & equality, drew attention to injustices inherent in slavery. --slaves were necessary before because men were trying to produce huge quantities to ship over to England, at first to pay back their joint-stock companies and then to secure their stability in the "New World." but in the 19th century people were settled into their ways of life, and farmers did not feel such urgency to overproduce.

Drunk Driving laws in New York Essay

New York’s drunken driving laws, which seem to be adequate on paper, but did not have sufficient focus and cohesiveness to provide a substantial measure of anticipation. The combination of flimsy use of breath test laws, tolerant plea bargaining, grossly insufficient penalties and be short of commitment by the criminal justice system combined to lower New York’s effort for the tragic consequences of the drinking driver. As we know all the states have elaborated system of drunken driving laws, courts, enforcement, and punishment, but unfortunately these systems do not work properly. Arrest rates are considerably low and complex laws allow some offenders to escape any punishment. Other offenders can avoid a drunken driving conviction through an appeal haggle. Sentence requirements are not completed and permits are also not applied always. But unfortunately, these problems are not well known because state does not have good record systems. Drunk drivers have little fear of being stopped, convicted, arrested, and punished so they carry on drinking and driving. On Drunk Driving, the Senate Special Task Force came to know that New York’s laws did not provide strong fines for drunken driving offenders. And it also found that: The experience of other states where ruthless penalties have been tried such as obligatory jail for all convicted drunken driving offenders has revealed that these penalties have had a momentary effect at best. Where ruthless penalties have been susceptible, they should not been applied. Obligatory jail and so called â€Å"hard† license deferments, which outlawed offenders from holding controlled use licenses, provided an escape means for most drunk drivers, because public officials have recognized that efforts to impose harsh sanctions could decrease the possibility that drunk drivers would actually be convicted. Instead, New York stirred away from a scheme that focused on penalties to one that emphasized higher levels of enforcement and tribunal that were coupled with workable penalties and a public information and education crusade. Drunk driving in New York has decreased significantly for the past two decades. As the figures below show, most of the progress ended by about 1994. In 2000, drunken driving deaths increased for the first time since 1995. Traffic victims involving alcohol rose by 4%, from 15,976 in 1999 to 16,653 in 2000. The number of drunk drivers in fatal crashes rose by 6%, from 9,818 in 1999 to 10,408 in 2000. Drunken driving control strategies: Good laws, active enforcement, and effective punishment- Good laws that are strongly supported and enforced with meaningful penalties decrease drunk driving. Three other strategies support this policy. Public education updates drivers, especially young drivers, about alcohol and drunken driving subjects. Alcohol dealing is important for problem drinkers. Alcohol control measures such as minimum legal drinking ages and alcohol server training help diminish drinking in situations that may lead to drunk driving. With tough laws, enforcement, and punishment at the center, these strategies support and endorse a community standard that drunk driving is not tolerable. A strong system that affects everyone- Drunken driving laws and enforcement should send a message: drunk driving is not tolerable. A strong drunk driving control structure increases both the public sensitivity and the truth that drunk drivers will be often detected, arrested, convicted, and punished. The STOP-DWI Program:- STOP-DWI means â€Å"Special Traffic Options Program for Driving While Intoxicated†. It was invented by the State Legislature in 1981 for the reasons of authorizing counties to coordinate local efforts to decrease alcohol and other drug-related traffic crashes within the milieu of an inclusive and financially self-sustaining statewide highway safety program. The STOP-DWI legislation allows each of the State’s 62 counties to launch a county STOP-DWI Program which will qualify the county for the return of all penalties collected for alcohol and other drug-related traffic offenses occurring within its authority. Each county is given broad judgment in the direction of its program. The local option concept set forward by the Legislature just requires that the programs address alcohol and highway safety questions and be non-duplicative of related enduring labors. The strategy includes several serious elements: †¢ Punish all offenders with unswerving and convinced sanctions and increase the severity for second and subsequent offenses. †¢ Evaluate all offenders for alcohol problems and assign healing as appropriate. †¢ Control offenders so that assigned sanctions, healing, and other court-ordered Requirements are completed suitably. †¢ Maintain good records so repeat offenders are identified precisely and apply more penalties on them. †¢ Establish performance measures for state drunk driving enforcement and negotiation. †¢ Establish schemes by which states can support each other in assessing their drunken driving laws or court procedures. †¢ Establish a clearinghouse for standards and enhancements in state records systems. â€Å"Rhode Island has the deplorable distinction of being ranked first in the nation in the percentage of highway fatalities related to alcohol. † In the past year, Rhode Islanders have been bombarded with anecdotes and statistics about the unusually solemn nature of drunk driving in the state as compared to other states. We are also notified about â€Å"loopholes† in the state’s drunken driving laws that permit drunk drivers to getaway punishment, or at least to be treated much more mildly than in other states. These stories inevitably prompt concerned statements from local officials, and fresh calls for tough legislation to address the problem. Among the most important are proposals to criminalize sanctions for breathalyzer refusals, to authorize roadblocks for random alcohol checks, and to allow police to obtain warrants to compulsorily haul out bodily fluids from alleged drivers for chemical testing. Rhode Island’s below-average alcohol fatality records are not now a recent happenstance. That study shows that Rhode Island’s overall fatality rate was lower than the national average every year between 1982 and 2002, and – even more to the point – its alcohol-related fatality rate surpassed the national common only once during those two decades.

RAWWW scotti monk Essay

â€Å"Raw†, composed by Scott Monk, Brett a young offender is sent to a detention centre to reform and attain a second chance in life. However, through the use of Brett’s derogatory colloquialism, such as ‘pigs’ in reference to the police, it’s made clear that Brett is resistant to the law. As a result Brett is sent to The Farm, a facility that aims to turn young offender’s lives around, by reforming them. The Farm works on the principals of care, trust and responsibility. There are no fences or guards, just the boys and parent figures Sam and Mary. There are no cells, rather bedrooms. As well as offering rehabilitation, The Farm also supplies educational facilities, as it aims to give young offenders a second chance in life, and excursions to reward the boys for their good behaviour, a justification of the trust placed on the boys. The use of contrast between characters effectively portrays the ideas of protest, compliance and reform. In contrast to Brett who constantly protests against the rules through smoking, stealing from other inmates, running away and showing an arrogant attitude towards The Farm, Josh chooses to comply. ‘Sam doesn’t order me to do anything. He is my friend. I live on the farm, I do what he says’. The use of dialogue shows Josh’s feelings towards The Farm, it’s a home to him, as it offers the structure and security that he couldn’t obtain outside The Farm, conveying institutions benefit those who wish to reform so they comply whilst others protest. However the effect of the institutions goes beyond the individual. The institution forces society to stereotype those who reside in them, depriving individuality and is supported through Mr Douglas in Raw, ‘it may have a fancy name, but it is still a jail for criminals,’ and Toby, in Girl Interrupted, ‘them’, ‘they’re eating grapes off the wallpaper’. The structure of The Farm is based around care and responsibility. Brett conforms to these ideas to avoid being sent back to Sydney. However, Sam, Frog and Josh all find something to like about Brett and save him numerous times from being sent back to Sydney, for example when he ran away from The Farm. Brett tries to return the favour by dropping his attitude and in turn grows, learning to accept responsibility and show compassion for others. Brett’s change in character is most evident when he attempts to avoid fighting Smiling Joe ‘I don’t want to get into a fight. Just let me take the kid’. Brett grows here, as he tries to avoid fighting Smiling Joe at all costs to avoid putting Frogs safety at risk. Brett only uses violence as a last option, compared to the beginning of the text where violence was the only course of action to solve problems that arose. Brett resorts back to protest after a fall out with Caitlyn, a girl he falls in love with, which results in Brett being sent back Sydney. This enforces what Sam repeatedly says to Brett throughout the text, ‘only you can change your life’ This shows that the institution is only limited by the individual’s compliance and willingness to reform. Brett’s change in attitude is signified through the symbolism of the storm. The storm depicts the washing away of Brett’s past and the beginning of a fresh future. The sun resembles a bright future showing how the institution gives Brett a second chance in life and his change in attitude towards life. Susana Kaysen, in Girl Interrupted, directed by James Mangold, sleeps with a married doctor, which she regrets and resorts to consuming a bottle of aspirin and vodka. As a result Susana’s parents believe she needs ‘rest’ and force her to admit herself to Claymoore, an upscale psychiatric institution that allows rest and rehabilitation. Claymore operates around a rewards system. The more a patients complies and rehabilitates, the more privileges that patient receives, such as ground privileges. Susana’s instability and disorientation of her condition is revealed through the use of constant jump cuts, jumping from past to present, as well as the use of an unstable camera, close-ups and the high angle shot of Susana in the hospital bed in the opening scenes of the movie. Susana, similarly to Brett, protests at first. For example when the girls escape into the basement to play bowling, sneak into the doctor’s office to read out reasons for their confinement and Susana escaping from Claymore with Lisa, showing Susana’s protest and her denial of her condition. After seeing Daisy dead in her own home, Susana returns to the institution. The use of the road in the mid-shot symbolises Susana’s journey from denial to realisation, which ends her protest. On return to Claymore, Susana complies with the rules and receives the emotional and psychiatric support that she knew she needed, like Brett in ‘Raw’. After much improvement Susana is released, showing that the institution is only limited by the individual’s compliance and willingness to reform. In contrast to ‘Raw’ and ‘Girl Interrupted’ the song â€Å"Prisoner of Society† sung by The Living End refers to a younger generation crying out for freedom. The opening line of the song portrays that the younger generation doesn’t wish to abide by the rules and regulations society has set. Well we don’t need no one to tell us what to do The first person view allows sympathy to be directed to the younger generation. This and the use of incorrect grammer, so common to rebellious teenagers, helps portray the message of the song, which is that today’s youth are prisoners of the older generations society, which alienate the younger generation and instead of looking for support and comfort, they thrive to rebel against these rules and law enforcement bodies, with the institution of society having no effect on the younger generation as they don’t comply and don’t want to reform. This creates the younger generations culture, arguing they are their own society. Well we don’t need no one The repetition of this phrase shows a generalisation that the younger generation holds towards authority, indicating a preconception towards authoritative figures. The final lines of the song links back to the title and meaning of the song. You’ll see I’m not the enemy Just a prisoner of society These lines convey to that the younger generation feels confined and trapped by society. Society has an expectation the younger generation will either follow the laws that are set down or protest against these laws. If protest is chosen, society will punish the rebels. As you can see, this text has many parallels to Brett in Scott Monks, â€Å"Raw†. Brett also wishes to be free to do as he pleases, however, Sam has set rules, which must be followed. The derogatory colloquialism such as ‘old goat’ in reference to Sam shows the same generation gap the song talks about. This reinforces the argument made about Raw and Girl Interrupted that the institutions affect on the individual is limited by the individual’s compliance and willingness to conform.

Carmilla the Lover and Monster Essay

The story of Carmilla is one that shows the complexity that mankind is capable of. This story shows how loving and caring mankind can be and how monstrous we can become without knowing how or why we became so monstrous. Carmilla meets the criteria to be called a lover and monster. Love is a virtue representing human kindness compassion and/or affection. Out of love Carmilla slowly drains the life out of Laura so she can turn her into a lifelong companion. But to die as lovers may–to die together, so that they may live together. Girls are caterpillars while they live in the world, to be finally butterflies when the summer comes; but in the meantime there are grubs and larvae, don’t you see–each with their peculiar propensities, necessities and structure. So says Monsieur Buffon, in his big book, in the next room. † Sometimes it was as if warm lips kissed me, and longer and longer and more lovingly as they reached my throat, but there the caress fixed itself. My heart beat faster, my breathing rose and fell rapidly and full drawn; a sobbing, that rose into a sense of strangulation, supervened, and turned into a dreadful convulsion, in which my senses left me and I became unconscious. This shows that Carmilla despite being a vampire has retained the human ability to love. She wishes to have friends and the only way to accomplish this task is to turn humans into vampires. She also has the characteristics that many would call monstrous. As a vampire, Carmilla needed blood to sustain her existence. As humans hunt for sustenance so did Carmilla, she obtained sustenance where ever she could without disrupting her relationship with Laura. As we sat thus one afternoon under the trees a funeral passed us by. It was that of a pretty young girl, whom I had often seen, the daughter of one of the rangers of the forest. The poor man was walking behind the coffin of his darling; she was his only child, and he looked quite heartbroken . â€Å"I hope there is no plague or fever coming; all this looks very like it,† I continued. The swineherd’s young wife died only a week ago, and she thought something seized her by the throat as she lay in her bed, and nearly strangled her. Papa says such horrible fancies do accompany some forms of fever. She was quite well the day before. She sank afterwards, and died before a week†. If Carmilla was just a monster she would have killed everyone in the area just to continue her existence and then moved on to another area to find sustenance. That is not the case here in this shows that certain things are not always as they seem. Carmilla believes her existence is better than that of the human and in many ways she is correct. She does not know illness of any sort and because of her longevity. She has been a vampire for over 100 years. â€Å"She ? I don’t trouble my head about peasants. I don’t know who she is,† answered Carmilla, with a flash from her fine eyes. â€Å"The house of Karnstein,† he said, â€Å"has been long extinct: a hundred years at least. My dear wife was maternally descended from the Karnsteins. But the name and title have long ceased to exist. The castle is a ruin; the very village is deserted; it is fifty years since the smoke of a chimney was seen there; not a roof left†. Carmilla in a twisted way shows the good and evil that has existed in our world for many millennia. She has the ability to love but for her to love long-term she must kill the object of her affection. As twisted as many would perceive this is a fair reflection upon mankind over the generations. Mankind has been doing strange things to find and hold on to what they believed they love for as long as we have been in existence. The existence of vampires such as in the text Camilla is imaginary but the actions of vampires are mirrored in many aspects by the actions of man!

Critical Analysis “The School of Athens” Essay

In this painting, you see around 60 Greek philosophers arranged in a very large hall. The philosophers are talking to each other, discussing theories or mathematical queries. It symbolizes philosophic thinking and the search for truth. On the wall you can see paintings and statues. He has used contour lines with domes and actual line with figures. Personalities are arranged like actors in a tired architectural setting, Raphael has represented distinguished Greek philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle (the central figures) Socrates and Euclid. Composition has been ordered brilliantly, clearly revealing his outstanding ability. The placing of each figure and each group combine to produce perfect harmony, order and balance, and, even though some sixty figures are used in the composition, there is no crowding. Therefore painting is asymmetrical. The main focal point of the painting is on Plato and Aristotle. The painting has more emphasis on these two philosophers than the others because they are centered in the middle of the composition and they are the only two standing in front of hall entrance with sky surrounding them. Raphael has demonstrated tone in this painting. An example of this is were the light beaming through the windows and creating darkness on the ceiling of the domes. This gives the painting a three-dimensional effect. Also demonstrates line and a range of different colors but mostly primary and secondary, matching perfectly to each figure and object. The themes he is exploring are philosophic thinking buy Greek Philosophers, who are expressing their theories and beliefs to one another. What this work means to me is, that Raphael had great respect for the Greek scholars and philosophers and admired there teaching and beliefs. Read Also:  What is Critical Thinking Essay The intention on the artist was to express social views as it looks as if the scholars are socialising to one another and sharing their thinkings. This could also come under a political interpretation as they might be expressing their political views. I think the great Greek philosophersAristotle and Plato have influenced this artist because he may of shared many of their beliefs and respect their  great intellect. I also think he is influenced by them because they are centered in the middle of the composition. I find this painting extremely well executed it looks very realistic and the artist puts an amazing amount of detail with every object drawn. I find the painting to be a successful piece of work, the composition is well organised, artist has produced perfect harmony and balance. It expresses many art techniques, such as tone, line, chiaroscuro, shade and perspective. This art would have been well acknowledged at the time, as the paintings shows great thinkers and represents time of knowledge. This is what the Renaissance was about a passion for knowledge and skill. During the Renaissance people had an interest in classical antiquity, it centered around man, his earthly environment and his visual world. The human figure, the landscape, the treatment of deep space, and realistic representation was important. The painting shows this.